Chemistry for Ages 10-15

Key concepts:

1. A model is a representation of the real thing.
2. Models are 'good enough' at explaining the real thing.
3. All models have strengths and limitations.
4. Different models can be use to depict the same thing.
5. Models can be different in apperance from the real thing, but still work as a model.

Key concepts:

1. All matter is made of small, unseen particles which are in constant motion.
2. A variety of models can be used to explain the properties of particles in different states.
3. In a solid, particles are close together, hold each other tightly, and vibrate.

Key concepts:

1. Everything in the universe is made of small, unseen particles.
2. Solids are hard and keep their shape, liquids flow and take the container's shape, and gases spread out in all directions.
3. Particles in a solid are close together, hold tightly to each other, and keep their shape.
4. Particles in a liquid move freely, are spaced slightly further apart, and hold less tightly.
5. Particles in a gas are spread very far apart and do not hold onto each other.

Key concepts:

1. Physical change is when matter changes state.
2. When physical change happens the movement, spacing, and holding of the particles changes.
3. When matter changes state, no new substances are formed.

Key concepts:

1. Water particles have positive and negative parts.
2. When water freezes to ice, particles move apart and line up negative to positive.
3. Moving apart results in more space among water particles.
4. More space means ice is less dense than water and can float on water.
5. The space among particles contains absolutely nothing.

Key concepts:

1. Chemical change results in new substances being created.
2. Substances created during chemical change are different from the starting substances.

Key concepts:

1. Chemical change involves small, unseen particles breaking apart and joining together in new ways.
2. By breaking apart and some joining together in new ways, particles can form new substances.

Key concepts:

1. Clues that indicate chemical change has occurred include:
   • Light, heat or sound is given off.
   • There is a change in smell.
   • There is a change in color.
   • A gas is created.
   • A new solid appears.

Teacher Resources for each lesson:

1. Word document of teacher notes
2. PDF document of teacher notes
3. Lesson screens and notes